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Spatiotemporal Evolution of the Wound Repairing Process in a 3D Human Dermis Equivalent
Author(s) -
Lombardi Bernadette,
Casale Costantino,
Imparato Giorgia,
Urciuolo Francesco,
Netti Paolo Antonio
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
advanced healthcare materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.288
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 2192-2659
pISSN - 2192-2640
DOI - 10.1002/adhm.201601422
Subject(s) - dermis , extracellular matrix , wound healing , fibronectin , myofibroblast , connective tissue , skin equivalent , stromal cell , microbiology and biotechnology , fibroblast , in vitro , matrix (chemical analysis) , hyaluronic acid , anatomy , pathology , chemistry , biology , fibrosis , medicine , immunology , keratinocyte , biochemistry , chromatography
Several skin equivalent models have been developed to investigate in vitro the re‐epithelialization process occurring during wound healing. Although these models recapitulate closure dynamics of epithelial cells, they fail to capture how a wounded connective tissue rebuilds its 3D architecture until the evolution in a scar. Here, the in vitro tissue repair dynamics of a connective tissue is replicated by using a 3D human dermis equivalent (3D‐HDE) model composed of fibroblasts embedded in their own extracellular matrix (ECM). After inducing a physical damage, 3D‐HDE undergoes a series of cellular and extracellular events quite similar to those occurring in the native dermis. In particular, fibroblasts differentiation toward myofibroblasts phenotype and neosynthesis of hyaluronic acid, fibronectin, and collagen during the repair process are assessed. Moreover, tissue reorganization after physical damage is investigated by measuring the diameter of bundles and the orientation of fibers of the newly formed ECM network. Finally, the ultimate formation of a scar‐like tissue as physiological consequence of the repair and closure process is demonstrated. Taking together, the results highlight that the presence of cell‐assembled and responsive stromal components enables quantitative and qualitative in vitro evaluation of the processes involved in scarring during wound healing.