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Targeted Magnetic Nanoparticles for Remote Magnetothermal Disruption of Amyloid‐β Aggregates
Author(s) -
Loynachan Colleen N.,
Romero Gabriela,
Christiansen Michael G.,
Chen Ritchie,
Ellison Rachel,
O'Malley Tiernan T.,
Froriep Ulrich P.,
Walsh Dominic M.,
Anikeeva Polina
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
advanced healthcare materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.288
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 2192-2659
pISSN - 2192-2640
DOI - 10.1002/adhm.201500487
Subject(s) - magnetic nanoparticles , transmission electron microscopy , nanoparticle , materials science , dynamic light scattering , biophysics , protein aggregation , amyloid (mycology) , nanotechnology , nanobiotechnology , chemistry , biochemistry , biology , inorganic chemistry
Remotely triggered hysteretic heat dissipation by magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) selectively attached to targeted proteins can be used to break up self‐assembled aggregates. This magnetothermal approach is applied to the amyloid‐β (Aβ) protein, which forms dense, insoluble plaques characteristic of Alzheimer's disease. Specific targeting of dilute MNPs to Aβ aggregates is confirmed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and is found to be consistent with a statistical model of MNP distribution on the Aβ substrates. MNP composition and size are selected to achieve efficient hysteretic power dissipation at physiologically safe alternating magnetic field (AMF) conditions. Dynamic light scattering, fluorescence spectroscopy, and TEM are used to characterize the morphology and size distribution of aggregates before and after exposure to AMF. A dramatic reduction in aggregate size from microns to tens of nanometers is observed, suggesting that exposure to an AMF effectively destabilizes Aβ deposits decorated with targeted MNPs. Experiments in primary hippocampal neuronal cultures indicate that the magnetothermal disruption of aggregates reduces Aβ cytotoxicity, which may enable future applications of this approach for studies of protein disaggregation in physiological environments.