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Development of Therapeutic Polymeric Nanoparticles for the Resolution of Inflammation
Author(s) -
Gadde Suresh,
EvenOr Orli,
Kamaly Nazila,
Hasija Apoorva,
Gag Philippe G.,
Adusumilli Krishna H.,
Erakovic Andrea,
Pal Anoop K.,
Zhang XueQing,
Kolishetti Nagesh,
Shi Jinjun,
Fisher Edward A.,
Farokhzad Omid C.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
advanced healthcare materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.288
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 2192-2659
pISSN - 2192-2640
DOI - 10.1002/adhm.201300688
Subject(s) - liver x receptor , inflammation , agonist , in vivo , abca1 , pharmacology , zymosan , macrophage , proinflammatory cytokine , tumor necrosis factor alpha , chemistry , receptor , in vitro , medicine , nuclear receptor , biology , immunology , biochemistry , gene , microbiology and biotechnology , transporter , transcription factor
Liver X receptors (LXRs) attenuate inflammation by modulating the expression of key inflammatory genes, making LXRs and their ligands particularly attractive candidates for therapeutic intervention in cardiovascular, metabolic, and/or inflammatory diseases. Herein, enhanced proresolving activity of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) containing the synthetic LXR agonist GW3965 (LXR‐NPs) is demonstrated, developed from a combinatorial library of more than 70 formulations with variations in critical physicochemical parameters. In vitro studies on peritoneal macrophages confirm that LXR‐NPs are significantly more effective than the free agonist at downregulating pro‐inflammatory mediators (MCP‐1 and TNFα), as well as inducing the expression of LXR target genes (ABCA1 and SREBP1c). Through a zymosan‐induced acute peritonitis in vivo model, LXR‐NPs are found to be more efficient than free GW3965 at limiting the recruitment of polymononuclear neutrophils (50% vs 17%), suppressing the gene expression and secretion of pro‐inflammatory factors MCP‐1 and TNFα in peritoneal macrophages, and decreasing the resolution interval up to 4 h. Furthermore, LXR‐NPs suppress the secretion of MCP‐1 and TNFα by monocytes and macrophages more efficiently than the commercial drug dexamethasone. Overall, these findings demonstrate that LXR‐NPs are capable of promoting resolution of inflammation and highlight the prospect of LXR‐based nanotherapeutics for inflammatory diseases.