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Reduction of Biofilm Infection Risks and Promotion of Osteointegration for Optimized Surfaces of Titanium Implants
Author(s) -
Gasik Michael,
Van Mellaert Lieve,
Pierron Dorothée,
Braem Annabel,
Hofmans Dorien,
De Waelheyns Evelien,
Anné Jozef,
Harmand MarieFrançoise,
Vleugels Jozef
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
advanced healthcare materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.288
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 2192-2659
pISSN - 2192-2640
DOI - 10.1002/adhm.201100006
Subject(s) - osseointegration , biofilm , materials science , reduction (mathematics) , titanium , promotion (chess) , implant , nanotechnology , medicine , dentistry , surgery , metallurgy , bacteria , biology , genetics , geometry , mathematics , politics , political science , law
Titanium‐based implants are widely used in modern clinical practice; however, complications associated with implants due to bacterial‐induced infections arise frequently, caused mainly by staphylococci, streptococci, Pseudomonas spp. and coliform bacteria. Although increased hydrophilicity of the biomaterial surface is known to be beneficial in minimizing the biofilm, quantitative analyses between the actual implant parameters and bacterial development are scarce. Here, the results of in vitro studies of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis proliferation on uncoated and coated titanium materials with different roughness, porosity, topology, and hydrophilicity are shown. The same materials have been tested in parallel with respect to human osteogenic and endothelial cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. The experimental data processed by meta‐analysis are indicating the possibility of decreasing the biofilm formation by 80–90% for flat substrates versus untreated plasma‐sprayed porous titanium and by 65–95% for other porous titanium coatings. It is also shown that optimized surfaces would lead to 10–50% enhanced cell proliferation and differentiation versus reference porous titanium coatings. This presents an opportunity to manufacture implants with intrinsic reduced infection risk, yet without the additional use of antibacterial substances.