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Organic Semiconducting Macromolecular Dyes for NIR‐II Photoacoustic Imaging and Photothermal Therapy
Author(s) -
Yin Chao,
Li Xiaozhen,
Wang Yi,
Liang Yuying,
Zhou Shan,
Zhao Pengchao,
Lee ChunSing,
Fan Quli,
Huang Wei
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.202104650
Subject(s) - photothermal therapy , photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine , materials science , nanotechnology , nanomaterials , near infrared spectroscopy , optics , physics
Owing to the unique advantages of photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and photothermal therapy (PTT) conducted over the near‐infrared‐II (NIR‐II) window, the development of high‐efficiency optical agents with NIR‐II light responsiveness is of great significance. Despite the diversity of optical agents developed for NIR‐II PAI and PTT, most of them are based on inorganic nanomaterials and small molecular dyes, whose biosafety and photostability need to be further assessed, respectively. Organic semiconducting macromolecular dyes (OSMDs) featuring a large semiconducting backbone are becoming alternative candidates for NIR‐II PAI and PTT owing to their reliable biocompatibility, durable photostability, and ideal photothermal conversion capability. This paper reviews the current progress of OSMD‐based PAI and PTT in the NIR‐II optical window. The three main types of OSMDs with different skeleton architectures are introduced, and their applications for NIR‐II PAI (tumor imaging, stem cell tracking, and vasculature imaging) and PTT (tumor ablation) are described. Viable strategies for further improving the NIR‐II PAI performance of OSMDs are discussed. Finally, some major issues faced by OSMDs in NIR‐II PAI and PTT are raised, and the future development directions of OSMDs are analyzed.