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Phosphorus and Oxygen Dual‐Doped Porous Carbon Spheres with Enhanced Reaction Kinetics as Anode Materials for High‐Performance Potassium‐Ion Hybrid Capacitors
Author(s) -
Zhao Shuoqing,
Yan Kang,
Liang Jiayu,
Yuan Qinghong,
Zhang Jinqiang,
Sun Bing,
Munroe Paul,
Wang Guoxiu
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.202102060
Subject(s) - materials science , anode , chemical engineering , carbon fibers , electrochemistry , cathode , electrochemical kinetics , battery (electricity) , heteroatom , inorganic chemistry , nanotechnology , electrode , composite material , chemistry , organic chemistry , power (physics) , physics , quantum mechanics , composite number , engineering , ring (chemistry)
Hard carbons with low cost and high specific capacity hold great potential as anode materials for potassium‐based energy storage. However, their sluggish reaction kinetics and inevitable volume expansion degrade their electrochemical performance. Through rational nanostructure design and a heteroatom doping strategy, herein, the synthesis of phosphorus/oxygen dual‐doped porous carbon spheres is reported, which possess expanded interlayer distances, abundant redox active sites, and oxygen‐rich defects. The as‐developed battery‐type anode material shows high discharge capacity (401 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 ), outstanding rate capability, and ultralong cycling stability (89.8% after 10 000 cycles). In situ Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations further confirm that the formation of PC and PO/POH bonds not only improves structural stability, but also contributes to a rapid surface‐controlled potassium adsorption process. As a proof of concept, a potassium‐ion hybrid capacitor is assembled by a dual‐doped porous carbon sphere anode and an activated carbon cathode. It shows superior electrochemical performance, which opens a new avenue to innovative potassium‐based energy storage technology.