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State‐of‐the‐Art Progress in Diverse Black Phosphorus‐Based Structures: Basic Properties, Synthesis, Stability, Photo‐ and Electrocatalysis‐Driven Energy Conversion
Author(s) -
Gao Wa,
Zhou Yong,
Wu Xinglong,
Shen Qing,
Ye Jinhua,
Zou Zhigang
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.202005197
Subject(s) - phosphorene , materials science , electrocatalyst , black phosphorus , nanotechnology , energy transformation , renewable energy , quantum dot , band gap , engineering physics , optoelectronics , chemistry , physics , electrode , electrical engineering , electrochemistry , thermodynamics , engineering
Over the past few decades, the design and development of advanced catalysts for efficient energy conversion technologies have undergone extensive study. Black phosphorus (BP) is considered to be one of the most promising catalysts, exhibiting remarkable performance and drawing significant attention, because of its extraordinary physicochemical properties: a unique layered structure, anisotropic structure, tunable direct bandgap, and ultrahigh charge mobility. In this review, the fundamentals of bulk BP, single‐ and few‐layer phosphorene, and BP quantum dots are briefly introduced, along with their crystal structure, optical and electrical properties, stability, and synthetic methods. Furthermore, recent progress toward diverse BP‐based materials for photo‐ and electrocatalysis for renewable energy is summarized, specifically focusing on water splitting, CO 2 conversion, and nitrogen fixation. Finally, the challenges ahead for these BP‐based catalysts are also emphasized, alongside and perspectives on their further development as part of the this fast‐flourishing renewable energy field.