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Grain Boundary and Interface Passivation with Core–Shell Au@CdS Nanospheres for High‐Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells
Author(s) -
Qin Pingli,
Wu Tong,
Wang Zhengchun,
Xiao Lan,
Ma Liang,
Ye Feihong,
Xiong Lun,
Chen Xiangbai,
Li Haixia,
Yu Xueli,
Fang Guojia
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.201908408
Subject(s) - passivation , materials science , perovskite (structure) , grain boundary , energy conversion efficiency , nucleation , chemical engineering , nanoparticle , perovskite solar cell , carrier lifetime , optoelectronics , nanotechnology , layer (electronics) , silicon , microstructure , composite material , chemistry , engineering , organic chemistry
The plasmonic characteristic of core–shell nanomaterials can effectively improve exciton‐generation/dissociation and carrier‐transfer/collection. In this work, a new strategy based on core–shell Au@CdS nanospheres is introduced to passivate perovskite grain boundaries (GBs) and the perovskite/hole transport layer interface via an antisolvent process. These core–shell Au@CdS nanoparticles can trigger heterogeneous nucleation of the perovskite precursor for high‐quality perovskite films through the formation of the intermediate Au@CdS–PbI 2 adduct, which can lower the valence band maximum of the 2,2,7,7‐tetrakis( N , N ‐di‐ p ‐methoxyphenyl‐amine)9,9‐spirobifluorene (Spiro‐OMeTAD) for a more favorable energy alignment with the perovskite material. With the help of the localized surface plasmon resonance effect of Au@CdS, holes can easily overcome the barrier at the perovskite/Spiro‐OMeTAD interface (or GBs) through the bridge of the intermediate Au@CdS–PbI 2 , avoiding the carrier accumulation, and suppress the carrier trap recombination at the Spiro‐OMeTAD/perovskite interface. Consequently, the Au@CdS‐based perovskite solar cell device achieves a high efficiency of over 21%, with excellent stability of ≈90% retention of initial power conversion efficiencies after 45 days storage in dry air.