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Breathable and Flexible Polymer Membranes with Mechanoresponsive Electric Resistance
Author(s) -
Gao Qiang,
Kopera Bernd A. F.,
Zhu Jian,
Liao Xiaojian,
Gao Chao,
Retsch Markus,
Agarwal Seema,
Greiner Andreas
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.201907555
Subject(s) - materials science , membrane , thermoplastic polyurethane , soft robotics , composite material , resistive touchscreen , electrical resistance and conductance , bending , nanotechnology , polymer , robot , elastomer , computer science , genetics , artificial intelligence , computer vision , biology
Flexible low‐resistance membranes play an important role in soft electronics as sensors for robotics, body movement monitoring, nanogenerators to collect kinetic energy from body movements, and flexible batteries. Despite great efforts, low‐resistance, mechanically stable large‐dimensional membranes that tolerate very high deformability without sacrificing resistance produce low joule heating and allow passage of gases for human comfort are still being sought. Here, one of the solutions is provided by sandwiching a network of silver nanowires (AgNWs) between two highly porous electrospun thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) membranes. The membranes are mechanically robust (both for bending and stretching) with a strong interface and large strain before breakage (more than 700%). The sheet resistance is as low as <0.1 (±0.01) Ω sq −1 , and changed to only 1.6 (±0.43) Ω sq −1 upon stretching to 100% strain. The combination of polymer elasticity and the AgNW network structure provides a reversible change in resistance beyond 100% strain. A detailed thermographic analysis is employed to in situ image and characterize the AgNW network morphology during various stretched conditions. It is believed that this flexible, sandwich‐like, electrically conductive membrane is a good candidate for smart wearable devices and soft robots.