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Engineering Molecular Machines for the Control of Cellular Functions for Diagnostics and Therapeutics
Author(s) -
Zamat Ali,
Zhu Linshan,
Wang Yingxiao
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.201904345
Subject(s) - chimeric antigen receptor , controllability , synthetic biology , computational biology , nanotechnology , computer science , biology , materials science , immunology , t cell , immune system , mathematics
The utilization of live cells as therapeutic materials provides controllability and complexity unmatched by small molecules and biologic agents. Recent advancements have shown that the manipulation of live cells can allow the development of powerful tools for the diagnosis of disease, production of biologics, and application as therapeutics. The field of cellular engineering has rapidly evolved and advanced to provide immuno‐oncological relief through various genetic circuits and targeting motifs. In utilizing living materials comprised of cells, complex reactions and responsive elements can be created to generate novel controllable systems. This review discusses the general principles of cellular engineering in the clinical space and highlights its utilization in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy. In particular, the review focuses on the control systems implemented on CAR T‐cells to mitigate adverse effects and increase the potency of therapy.