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Furin‐Controlled Fe 3 O 4 Nanoparticle Aggregation and 19 F Signal “Turn‐On” for Precise MR Imaging of Tumors
Author(s) -
Ding Zhanling,
Sun Hongbin,
Ge Shuchao,
Cai Yuan,
Yuan Yue,
Hai Zijuan,
Tao Tongxiang,
Hu Jinming,
Hu Bing,
Wang Junfeng,
Liang Gaolin
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.201903860
Subject(s) - magnetic resonance imaging , furin , moiety , nuclear magnetic resonance , materials science , selectivity , chemistry , enzyme , stereochemistry , medicine , biochemistry , physics , radiology , catalysis
For cancer diagnosis, 1 H magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is advantageous in sensitivity but lacks selectivity. Endogenous 19 F MRI signal in humans is barely detectable and thus 19 F MRI has very high selectivity. A combination of 1 H and 19 F MRI is ideal for precise tumor imaging but a protease‐controlled strategy of simultaneous T 2 1 H MRI enhancement and 19 F MRI “Turn‐On” has not been reported. Here, used is a click condensation reaction to rationally project a dual‐functional fluorine probe 4‐(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (TFMB)‐Arg‐Val‐Arg‐Arg‐Cys(StBu)‐Lys‐CBT ( 1 ), which is further utilized to functionalize Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle ( IONP ) to achieve IONP@1 . As such, the IONP aggregation can be activated by furin addition, thereby enhancing the T 2 1 H MRI signal and switching the 19 F NMR/MRI signal “On”. Using this strategy, IONP@1 is successfully applied to detect the activity of the furin enzyme with “Turn‐On” 19 F NMR/MRI and T 2 1 H MRI signals are enhanced. Moreover, IONP@1 is also applied for precise dual‐mode ( 1 H and 19 F) MR imaging of tumors in zebrafish under 14.1 T. The current approach, therefore, provides a feasible and robust means to reconcile the dilemma between selectivity and sensitivity of conventional MRI probes. More importantly, it is envisioned that, by substituting the TFMB moiety in 1 with a perfluorinated compound, this “smart” method could be of potential use for precise 1 H MR and 19 F MR imaging of tumor in mouse or in bigger rodents in near future.