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A Critical Review on Functionalization of Air‐Cathodes for Nonaqueous Li–O 2 Batteries
Author(s) -
Balaish Moran,
Jung JiWon,
Kim IlDoo,
EinEli Yair
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.201808303
Subject(s) - battery (electricity) , cathode , materials science , carbon fibers , surface modification , electrochemistry , electrolyte , carbide , nitride , nanotechnology , chemical engineering , electrode , composite number , metallurgy , composite material , electrical engineering , chemistry , engineering , power (physics) , physics , quantum mechanics , layer (electronics)
This review reports on the most updated technological aspects of Li–air battery cathode materials. It provides the reader with recent developments, alongside critical views. The requirements for air‐cathodes, as well as the classification and characterization of carbon‐based and carbon‐free air cathodes, are listed. The effects of two major substituent groups of materials, namely carbon and advanced materials (metals, metal‐oxides, metal‐carbides, and metal‐nitrides) aimed at replacing carbon, are discussed in terms of their chemical and electrochemical stability. The report covers aspects of surface chemistry and structure influence on the electrolyte and discharge products stability. The review also reports on the efforts to suppress side reactions and deterioration of the polymeric binders (if a composite electrode is being considered). This is recognized as a means to enhance Li–air battery performance. The report concludes with an outlook and perspective, providing the readers with some insight on other factors and their impact on the long road toward a viable air‐cathode suitable for Li–air battery operations.