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Micro/Nanometer‐Structured Scaffolds for Regeneration of Both Cartilage and Subchondral Bone
Author(s) -
Deng Cuijun,
Lin Rongcai,
Zhang Meng,
Qin Chen,
Yao Qingqiang,
Wang Liming,
Chang Jiang,
Wu Chengtie
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.201806068
Subject(s) - materials science , cartilage , nanotopography , regeneration (biology) , nanopillar , nanotechnology , stromal cell , nanostructure , interconnectivity , scaffold , biomedical engineering , biomaterial , biophysics , microbiology and biotechnology , anatomy , biology , medicine , cancer research , artificial intelligence , computer science
Treatment of osteochondral defects remains a great challenge in clinical practice because cartilage and subchondral bone possess significantly different physiological properties. In this study, the controlled surface micro/nanometer structure of bioactive scaffolds in a combination of biomaterial chemistry is harnessed to address this issue. Model bioactive biomaterials, bredigite (BRT) scaffolds, with controlled surface micro/nanostructure are successfully fabricated by combining 3D printing with a hydrothermal process. It is found that the growth of micro/nano–calcium phosphate crystals on the surface of BRT scaffolds notably enhances their compressive strength by healing the microcracks on the strut surface. The micro/nanostructured surface distinctly facilitates the spread and differentiation of chondrocytes by activating integrin αv b 1 and α5 b 1 heterodimers, regulates cell morphology, and promotes osteogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs) through the synergetic effect of integrin α5 b 1 and RhoA, in which the microrod surface demonstrates the highest stimulatory effect on the differentiation of chondrocytes and rBMSCs. The in vivo study shows that the micro/nanostructured surface of the 3D printed scaffolds obviously promotes the regeneration of both cartilage and subchondral bone tissues. This study suggests that the construction of controlled micro/nanostructured surface in porous 3D scaffolds offers a smart strategy to induce bilineage bioactivities for osteochondral regeneration.