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Heteroatom Effect on Star‐Shaped Hole‐Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
Author(s) -
GarcíaBenito Inés,
Zimmermann Iwan,
UrietaMora Javier,
Aragó Juan,
Calbo Joaquín,
Perles Josefina,
Serrano Alvaro,
MolinaOntoria Agustín,
Ortí Enrique,
Martín Nazario,
Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.201801734
Subject(s) - materials science , heteroatom , energy conversion efficiency , chalcogenide , perovskite (structure) , perovskite solar cell , triphenylamine , electrochemistry , chemical engineering , optoelectronics , nanotechnology , organic chemistry , electrode , chemistry , ring (chemistry) , engineering
Three new star‐shaped hole‐transporting materials (HTMs) incorporating benzotripyrrole, benzotrifuran, and benzotriselenophene central cores endowed with three‐armed triphenylamine moieties ( BTP‐1 , BTF‐1 , and BTSe‐1 , respectively) are designed, synthesized, and implemented in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The impact that the heteroatom‐containing central scaffold has on the electrochemical and photophysical properties, as well as on the photovoltaic performance, is systematically investigated and compared with their sulfur‐rich analogue ( BTT‐3 ). The new HTMs exhibit suitable highest‐occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) levels regarding the valence band of the perovskite, which ensure efficient hole extraction at the perovskite/HTM interface. The molecular structures of BTF‐1 , BTT‐3 , and BTSe‐1 are fully elucidated by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography as toluene solvates. The optimized (FAPbI 3 ) 0.85 (MAPbBr 3 ) 0.15 ‐based perovskite solar cells employing the tailor‐made, chalcogenide‐based HTMs exhibit remarkable power conversion efficiencies up to 18.5%, which are comparable to the devices based on the benchmark spiro‐OMeTAD. PSCs with BTP‐1 exhibit a more limited power conversion efficiency of 15.5%, with noticeable hysteresis. This systematic study indicates that chalcogenide‐based derivatives are promising HTM candidates to compete efficiently with spiro‐OMeTAD.