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Layered Potassium Vanadate K 0.5 V 2 O 5 as a Cathode Material for Nonaqueous Potassium Ion Batteries
Author(s) -
Deng Leqing,
Niu Xiaogang,
Ma Guanshui,
Yang Zhao,
Zeng Liang,
Zhu Yujie,
Guo Lin
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.201800670
Subject(s) - potassium , materials science , vanadate , cathode , intercalation (chemistry) , vanadium , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , electrochemistry , ion , transition metal , inorganic chemistry , chemical engineering , electrode , chemistry , metallurgy , biochemistry , organic chemistry , engineering , catalysis
Nonaqueous potassium ion batteries (KIBs) are one of the emerging electrochemical energy storage technologies due to the abundance of potassium resources, but the difficulties of intercalation of large size K‐ions into electrode materials hinder the development of KIBs. Here, a layered potassium vanadate K 0.5 V 2 O 5 is proposed as a potential cathode material for KIBs. Despite the large size of K‐ions, the as‐fabricated material is capable of delivering a reversible capacity around 90 mAh g −1 at 10 mA g −1 in the voltage range of 1.5–3.8 V (vs K + /K), and also exhibits a fast rate capability with a capacity of 60 mAh g −1 at 200 mA g −1 and good cycling stability with 81% capacity retention after 250 cycles at 100 mA g −1 . Ex situ X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that the layered potassium vanadate exhibits a highly stable and reversible structure change with a transition between V 4+ and V 5+ upon potassiation/depotassiation. Additionally, galvanostatic intermittent titration technique results show that the kinetics of potassiation/depotassiation is mainly determined by K‐ion diffusion in the active material. The present study may open up further exploration of potassium vanadates and other layered transition metal oxides in the field of KIBs.