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Perfluoroaryl‐Elemental Sulfur S N Ar Chemistry in Covalent Triazine Frameworks with High Sulfur Contents for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Author(s) -
Je Sang Hyun,
Kim Hyeon Jin,
Kim Jiheon,
Choi Jang Wook,
Coskun Ali
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.201703947
Subject(s) - sulfur , triazine , covalent bond , nucleophile , faraday efficiency , chemistry , electrolyte , inorganic chemistry , materials science , organic chemistry , catalysis , electrode
In order to address the challenges associated with lithium–sulfur batteries with high energy densities, various approaches, including advanced designs of sulfur composites, electrolyte engineering, and functional separators, are lately introduced. However, most approaches are effective for sulfur cathodes with limited sulfur contents, i.e., <80 wt%, imposing a significant barrier in realizing high energy densities in practical cell settings. Here, elemental sulfur‐mediated synthesis of a perfluorinated covalent triazine framework (CTF) and its simultaneous chemical impregnation with elemental sulfur via S N Ar chemistry are demonstrated. S N Ar chemistry facilitates the dehalogenation and nucleophilic addition reactions of perfluoroaryl units with nucleophilic sulfur chains, achieving a high sulfur content of 86 wt% in the resulting CTF. The given sulfur‐impregnated CTF, named SF‐CTF, exhibits a specific capacity of 1138.2 mAh g −1 at 0.05C, initial Coulombic efficiency of 93.1%, and capacity retention of 81.6% after 300 cycles, by utilizing homogeneously distributed sulfur within the micropores and nitrogen atoms of triazine units offering high binding affinity toward lithium polysulfides.