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High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor Based on Nb 2 O 5 @Carbon Core–Shell Nanoparticles and Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites
Author(s) -
Lim Eunho,
Jo Changshin,
Kim Min Su,
Kim MokHwa,
Chun Jinyoung,
Kim Haegyeom,
Park Jongnam,
Roh Kwang Chul,
Kang Kisuk,
Yoon Songhun,
Lee Jinwoo
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.201505548
Subject(s) - materials science , graphene , anode , faraday efficiency , oxide , chemical engineering , electrochemistry , supercapacitor , nanoparticle , nanocomposite , cathode , carbon fibers , nanotechnology , electrode , composite material , composite number , chemistry , metallurgy , engineering
Sodium‐ion hybrid supercapacitors (Na‐HSCs) have potential for mid‐ to large‐scale energy storage applications because of their high energy/power densities, long cycle life, and the low cost of sodium. However, one of the obstacles to developing Na‐HSCs is the imbalance of kinetics from different charge storage mechanisms between the sluggish faradaic anode and the rapid non‐faradaic capacitive cathode. Thus, to develop high‐power Na‐HSC anode materials, this paper presents the facile synthesis of nanocomposites comprising Nb 2 O 5 @Carbon core–shell nanoparticles (Nb 2 O 5 @C NPs) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and an analysis of their electrochemical performance with respect to various weight ratios of Nb 2 O 5 @C NPs to rGO (e.g., Nb 2 O 5 @C, Nb 2 O 5 @C/rGO‐70, ‐50, and ‐30). In a Na half‐cell configuration, the Nb 2 O 5 @C/rGO‐50 shows highly reversible capacity of ≈285 mA h g −1 at 0.025 A g −1 in the potential range of 0.01–3.0 V (vs Na/Na + ). In addition, the Na‐HSC using the Nb 2 O 5 @C/rGO‐50 anode and activated carbon (MSP‐20) cathode delivers high energy/power densities (≈76 W h kg −1 and ≈20 800 W kg −1 ) with a stable cycle life in the potential range of 1.0–4.3 V. The energy and power densities of the Na‐HSC developed in this study are higher than those of similar Li‐ and Na‐HSCs previously reported.