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Sustained‐Release Synthetic Biomarkers for Monitoring Thrombosis and Inflammation Using Point‐of‐Care Compatible Readouts
Author(s) -
Dudani Jaideep S.,
Buss Colin G.,
Akana Reid T. K.,
Kwong Gabriel A.,
Bhatia Sangeeta N.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.201505142
Subject(s) - urinary system , point of care , proteases , point of care testing , thrombosis , medicine , inflammation , thrombin , intensive care medicine , nanosensor , biomedical engineering , materials science , pharmacology , immunology , pathology , nanotechnology , biology , biochemistry , platelet , enzyme
Postoperative infection and thromboembolism represent significant sources of morbidity and mortality but cannot be easily tracked after hospital discharge. Therefore, a molecular test that could be performed at home would significantly impact disease management. The laboratory has previously developed intravenously delivered “synthetic biomarkers” that respond to dysregulated proteases to produce a urinary signal. These assays, however, have been limited to chronic diseases or acute diseases initiated at the time of diagnostic administration. Here, a subcutaneously administered sustained‐release system, using small poly(ethylene glycol) scaffolds (<10 nm) to promote diffusion into the bloodstream over a day, is formulated. The utility of a thrombin sensor to identify thrombosis and an Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) sensor to measure inflammation is demonstrated. Finally, a companion paper ELISA (Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent sssay), using printed wax barriers, with nanomolar sensitivity for urinary reporters for point‐of‐care detection is developed. The approach for subcutaneous delivery of nanosensors combined with urinary paper analysis may enable facile monitoring of at‐risk patients.