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Plasmon‐Enhanced Fluorescence‐Based Core–Shell Gold Nanorods as a Near‐IR Fluorescent Turn‐On Sensor for the Highly Sensitive Detection of Pyrophosphate in Aqueous Solution
Author(s) -
Wang Le,
Song Quanwei,
Liu Qiuling,
He Dacheng,
Ouyang Jin
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.201503326
Subject(s) - fluorescence , nanorod , materials science , pyrophosphate , plasmon , porphyrin , nanosensor , aqueous solution , biosensor , detection limit , nanotechnology , covalent bond , photochemistry , chemistry , optoelectronics , optics , organic chemistry , chromatography , physics , enzyme
Developing plasmon‐enhanced fluorescence (PEF) technology for identifying important biological molecules has a profound impact on biosensing and bioimaging. However, exploration of PEF for biological application is still at a very early stage. Herein, novel PEF‐based core–shell nanostructures as a near‐infrared fluorescent turn‐on sensor for highly sensitive and selective detection of pyrophosphate (PPi) in aqueous solution are proposed. This nanostructure gold nanorod (AuNR)@SiO 2 @ meso ‐tetra(4‐carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP) contains a gold nanorod core with an aspect ratio of 2.3, a silica shell, and TCPP molecules covalently immobilized onto the shell surface. The silica shell is employed a rigid spacer for precisely tuning the distance between AuNR and TCPP and an optimum fluorescence enhancement is obtained. Due to the quenching effect of Cu 2+ , the copper porphyrin (TCPP‐Cu 2+ ) results in a weak fluorescence. In the presence of PPi, the strong affinity between Cu 2+ and PPi can promote the disassembly of the turn‐off state of TCPP‐Cu 2+ complexes, and therefore the fluorescence can be readily restored. By virtue of the amplified fluorescence signal imparted by PEF, this nanosensor obtains a detection limit of 820 × 10 −9 m of PPi with a good selectivity over several anions, including phosphate. Additionally, the potential applicability of this sensor in cell imaging is successfully demonstrated.