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Photovoltaic Function and Exciton/Charge Transfer Dynamics in a Highly Efficient Semiconducting Copolymer
Author(s) -
Szarko Jodi M.,
Rolczynski Brian S.,
Lou Sylvia J.,
Xu Tao,
Strzalka Joseph,
Marks Tobin J.,
Yu Luping,
Chen Lin X.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.201301820
Subject(s) - materials science , exciton , polymer solar cell , ultrafast laser spectroscopy , acceptor , charge carrier , organic solar cell , delocalized electron , chemical physics , band gap , photoinduced charge separation , hybrid solar cell , photochemistry , polymer , optoelectronics , solar cell , spectroscopy , photocatalysis , artificial photosynthesis , chemistry , organic chemistry , condensed matter physics , physics , quantum mechanics , composite material , catalysis
Exciton dissociation is a key step for the light energy conversion to electricity in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Here, excitonic dissociation pathways in the high‐performance, low bandgap “in‐chain donor–acceptor” polymer PTB7 by transient optical absorption (TA) spectroscopy in solutions, neat films, and bulk heterojunction (BHJ) PTB7:PC 71 BM (phenyl‐C 71 ‐butyric acid methyl ester) films are investigated. The dynamics and energetics of the exciton and intra‐/intermolecular charge separated states are characterized. A distinct, dynamic, spectral red‐shift of the polymer cation is observed in the BHJ films in TA spectra following electron transfer from the polymer to PC 71 BM, which can be attributed to the time evolution of the hole–electron spatial separation after exciton splitting. Effects of film morphology are also investigated and compared to those of conjugated homopolymers. The enhanced charge separation along the PTB7 alternating donor–acceptor backbone is understood by intramolecular charge separation through polarized, delocalized excitons that lower the exciton binding energy. Consequently, ultrafast charge separation and transport along these polymer backbones reduce carrier recombination in these largely amorphous films. This charge separation mechanism explains why higher degrees of PCBM intercalation within BHJ matrices enhances exciton splitting and charge transport, and thus increase OPV performance. This study proposes new guidelines for OPV materials development.