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Non‐Covalent Self‐Assembly and Covalent Polymerization Co‐Contribute to Polydopamine Formation
Author(s) -
Hong Seonki,
Na Yun Suk,
Choi Sunghwan,
Song In Taek,
Kim Woo Youn,
Lee Haeshin
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.201201156
Subject(s) - polymerization , covalent bond , materials science , trimer , surface modification , biocompatibility , polymer , nanotechnology , polymer chemistry , chemical engineering , chemistry , organic chemistry , dimer , metallurgy , composite material , engineering
Polydopamine is the first adhesive polymer that can functionalize surfaces made of virtually all material chemistries. The material‐independent surface modification properties of polydopamine allow the functionalization of various types of medical and energy devices. However, the mechanism of dopamine polymerization has not yet been clearly demonstrated. Covalent oxidative polymerization via 5,6‐dihydroxyindole (DHI), which is similar to the mechanism for synthetic melanin synthesis, has been the clue. Here, it is reported that a physical, self‐assembled trimer of (dopamine) 2 /DHI exists in polydopamine, which has been known to be formed only by covalent polymerization. It is also found that the trimeric complex is tightly entrapped within polydopamine and barely escapes from the polydopamine complex. The result explains the previously reported in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility. The study reveals a different perspective of polydopamine formation, where it forms in part by the self‐assembly of dopamine and DHI, providing a new clue toward understanding the structures of catecholamines such as melanin.