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Phosphorous Pentasulfide as a Novel Additive for High‐Performance Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Author(s) -
Lin Zhan,
Liu Zengcai,
Fu Wujun,
Dudney Nancy J.,
Liang Chengdu
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.201200696
Subject(s) - polysulfide , faraday efficiency , dissolution , lithium (medication) , materials science , solubility , electrolyte , sulfur , inorganic chemistry , capacity loss , chemical engineering , lithium–sulfur battery , sulfide , chemistry , organic chemistry , metallurgy , electrode , engineering , endocrinology , medicine
Lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries suffer from rapid capacity decay and low energy efficiency because of the low solubility of lithium sulfide (Li 2 S) in organic solvents and the intrinsic polysulfide shuttle phenomenon. Here, a novel additive, phosphorus pentasulfide (P 2 S 5 ) in organic electrolyte, is reported to boost the cycling performance of Li‐S batteries. The function of the additive is two‐fold: 1) P 2 S 5 promotes the dissolution of Li 2 S and alleviates the loss of capacity caused by the precipitation of Li 2 S and 2) P 2 S 5 passivates the surface of lithium metal and therefore eliminates the polysulfide shuttle phenomenon. A Li‐S test cell demonstrates a high reversible capacity of 900–1350 mAh g −1 and a high coulombic efficiency of ≥90% for at least 40 stable cycles at 0.1 C.