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Block‐Copolymer‐Templated Synthesis of Electroactive RuO 2 ‐Based Mesoporous Thin Films
Author(s) -
Sassoye Capucine,
Laberty Christel,
Le Khanh Hung,
Cassaig Sophie,
Boissière Cédric,
Antonietti Markus,
Sanchez Clément
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.200801831
Subject(s) - mesoporous material , materials science , mesoporous organosilica , cyclic voltammetry , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , chemical engineering , ruthenium oxide , thin film , ruthenium , tin oxide , substrate (aquarium) , copolymer , nanotechnology , mesoporous silica , oxide , electrode , electrochemistry , chemistry , composite material , organic chemistry , polymer , catalysis , oceanography , geology , engineering , metallurgy
RuO 2 ‐based mesoporous thin films of optical quality are synthesized from ruthenium‐peroxo‐based sols using micelle templates made of amphiphilic polystyrene‐polyethylene oxide block copolymers. The mesoporous structure and physical properties of the RuO 2 films (mesoporous volume: 30%; pore diameter: ∼30 nm) can be controlled by the careful tuning of both the precursor solution and thermal treatment (150–350 °C). The optimal temperature that allows control of both mesoporosity and nanocristallinity is strongly dependent on the substrate (silicon or fluorine‐doped tin oxide). The structure of the resulting mesoporous films are investigated using X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Mesoporous layers are additionally characterized by transmission and scanning electron microscopy and ellipsometry while their electrochemical properties are analyzed via cyclic voltammetry. Thick mesoporous films of ruthenium oxide hydrates, RuO 2 · x H 2 O, obtained using a thermal treatment at 280 °C, exhibit capacitances as high as 1000 ± 100 F g −1 at a scan rate of 10 mV s −1 , indicating their potential application as electrode materials.