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Fabrication of Large‐Scale Single‐Crystalline PrB 6 Nanorods and Their Temperature‐Dependent Electron Field Emission
Author(s) -
Zhang Qin Yuan,
Xu Jun Qi,
Zhao Yan Ming,
Ji Xiao Hong,
Lau Shu Ping
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.200801248
Subject(s) - nanorod , materials science , electric field , field electron emission , current density , work function , analytical chemistry (journal) , nanotechnology , electron , physics , chemistry , layer (electronics) , quantum mechanics , chromatography
Abstract A simple catalysis‐free approach that utilises a gas–solid reaction for the synthesis of large‐scale single‐crystalline PrB 6 nanorods using Pr and BCl 3 as starting materials is demonstrated. The nanorods exhibit a low turn‐on electric field (2.80 V µ‐b;m −1 at 10 µ‐b;A cm −2 ), a low threshold electric field (6.99 V µ‐b;m −1 at 1 mA cm −2 ), and a high current density (1.2 mA cm −2 at 7.35 V µ‐b;m −1 ) at room temperature (RT). The turn‐on and threshold electric field are found to decrease clearly from 2.80 to 0.95 and 6.99 to 3.55 V µ‐b;m −1 , respectively, while the emission current density increases significantly from 1.2 to 13.8 mA cm −2 (at 7.35 V µ‐b;m −1 ) with an increase in the ambient temperature from RT to 623 K. The field enhancement factor, emission current density, and the dependence of the effective work function with temperature are investigated. The possible mechanism of the temperature‐dependent emission from PrB 6 nanorods is discussed.