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Nitrogen‐Enriched Nonporous Carbon Electrodes with Extraordinary Supercapacitance
Author(s) -
HulicovaJurcakova Denisa,
Kodama Masaya,
Shiraishi Soshi,
Hatori Hiroaki,
Zhu Zong Hua,
Lu Gao Qing
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.200801100
Subject(s) - materials science , gravimetric analysis , electrolyte , supercapacitor , carbon fibers , nitrogen , capacitance , melamine , propylene carbonate , ammonia , volume (thermodynamics) , chemical engineering , electrode , inorganic chemistry , composite material , organic chemistry , chemistry , composite number , engineering , physics , quantum mechanics
Nitrogen‐enriched nonporous carbon materials derived from melamine–mica composites are subjected to ammonia treatment to further increase the nitrogen content. For samples preoxidized prior to the ammonia treatment, the nitrogen content is doubled and is mainly incorporated in pyrrol‐like groups. The materials are tested as electrodes for supercapacitors, and in acidic or basic electrolytes, the gravimetric capacitance of treated samples is three times higher than that of untreated samples. This represents a tenfold increase of the capacitance per surface area (3300 µF cm −2 ) in basic electrolyte. Due to the small volume of the carbon materials, high volumetric capacitances are achieved in various electrolytic systems: 280 F cm −3 in KOH, 152 F cm −3 in H 2 SO 4 , and 92 F cm −3 in tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate/propylene carbonate.