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Hydrothermal Reaction Mechanism and Pathway for the Formation of K 2 Ti 6 O 13 Nanowires
Author(s) -
Zhang Ting,
Chen Qing,
Peng LianMao
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.200800360
Subject(s) - materials science , octahedron , hydrothermal circulation , nanowire , phase (matter) , crystallography , crystal structure , ion , nanorod , hydrothermal reaction , lattice (music) , hydrothermal synthesis , crystal (programming language) , nanotechnology , chemical engineering , programming language , chemistry , physics , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics , computer science , acoustics , engineering
Calculations and detailed first principle and thermodynamic analyses have been performed to understand the formation mechanism of K 2 Ti 6 O 13 nanowires (NWs) by a hydrothermal reaction between bulk Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 crystals and a KOH solution. It is found that direct ion exchange between K + and Na + plus H + interactions with [TiO 6 ] octahedra in Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 promote the formation of an intermediate H 2 K 2 Ti 6 O 14 phase. The large lattice mismatch between this intermediate phase and the bulk Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 structure, and the large energy reduction associated with the formation of this intermediate phase, drive the splitting of the bulk crystal into H 2 K 2 Ti 6 O 14 NWs. However, these NWs are not stable because of large [TiO 6 ] octahedra distortion and are subject to a dehydration process, which results in uniform K 2 Ti 6 O 13 NWs with narrowly distributed diameters of around 10 nm.