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Topotactic Transformation of Single‐Crystalline Precursor Discs into Disc‐Like Bi 2 S 3 Nanorod Networks
Author(s) -
Li Lianshan,
Sun Nijuan,
Huang Youyuan,
Qin Yao,
Zhao Nana,
Gao Jining,
Li Meixian,
Zhou Henghui,
Qi Limin
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.200701467
Subject(s) - nanorod , materials science , tetragonal crystal system , orthorhombic crystal system , transmission electron microscopy , scanning electron microscope , crystallography , nanostructure , nanotechnology , crystal structure , chemistry , composite material
Hierarchical, two‐dimensional (2D), disc‐like networks consisting of crossed single‐crystalline Bi 2 S 3 nanorods have been synthesized via a novel 2D‐template‐engaged topotactic transformation process, which involves the formation of intermediate BiOCl single‐crystalline discs and their subsequent chemical transformation into disc‐like Bi 2 S 3 nanofabrics. The transformation process from (001)‐oriented BiOCl discs to disc‐like Bi 2 S 3 nanorod networks has been followed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction (ED) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD), which revealed that the close matching between the lattice constants of the c ‐axis for orthorhombic Bi 2 S 3 and the a ‐ or b ‐axis for tetragonal BiOCl could be responsible for the preferential growth of [001]‐oriented Bi 2 S 3 nanorods on the top faces of (001)‐oriented BiOCl discs along the two perpendicular [100] and [010] directions of BiOCl. The diameter of the Bi 2 S 3 nanorods involved in the networks can be adjusted by changing the bismuth ion concentration in the reaction solution; moreover, an increase of the HCl concentration would prevent the formation of precursor BiOCl discs, leading to the formation of Bi 2 S 3 nanostructures with varied morphologies. Charge–discharge curves and cyclic voltammograms of the obtained Bi 2 S 3 nanostructures were measured to investigate their electrochemical hydrogen storage behaviors. It was found that the disc‐like Bi 2 S 3 nanorod networks could electrochemically charge and discharge with a capacity of 162 mA h g −1 at room temperature, indicating their potential applications in hydrogen storage, high‐energy batteries, and catalytic fields.