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Controlling the Morphology of Nanocrystal–Polymer Composites for Solar Cells
Author(s) -
Huynh W.U.,
Dittmer J.J.,
Libby W.C.,
Whiting G.L.,
Alivisatos A.P.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.200390009
Subject(s) - materials science , nanocrystal , nanorod , polymer , nanometre , nanotechnology , dispersion (optics) , chemical engineering , pulmonary surfactant , solvent , micrometer , composite material , optics , organic chemistry , chemistry , physics , engineering
We have shown recently that the use of high‐aspect‐ratio inorganic nanorods in conjunction with conjugated polymers is a route to obtaining efficient solar cells processed from solution. Here, we demonstrate that the use of binary solvent mixtures in which one of the components is a ligand for the nanocrystals is effective in controlling the dispersion of nanocrystals in a polymer. By varying the concentration of the solvent mixture, phase separation between the nanocrystal and polymer could be tuned from micrometer scale to nanometer scale. In addition, we can achieve nanocrystal surfaces that are free of surfactant through the use of weak binding ligands that can be removed through heating. When combined, the control of film morphology together with surfactant removal result in nanorod–polymer blend photovoltaic cells with a high external quantum efficiency of 59 % under 0.1 mW cm –2 illumination at 450 nm.