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Laser‐Induced Direct Lithography for Patterning of Carbon with sp 3 and sp 2 Hybridization
Author(s) -
Zbaida D.,
PopovitzBiro R.,
LachishZalait A.,
Klein E.,
Wachtel E.,
Prior Y.,
Elbaum M.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
advanced functional materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.069
H-Index - 322
eISSN - 1616-3028
pISSN - 1616-301X
DOI - 10.1002/adfm.200304318
Subject(s) - materials science , nanocrystalline material , carbon fibers , raman spectroscopy , diamond , glassy carbon , transmission electron microscopy , laser , diffraction , graphene , carbon film , crystallite , graphite , optics , nanotechnology , thin film , composite material , cyclic voltammetry , chemistry , physics , electrode , electrochemistry , composite number , metallurgy
A new method of laser‐induced lithography for direct writing of carbon on a glass surface is described, in which deposition occurs from a transparent precursor solution. At the glass–solution interface where the laser spot is focused, a micro‐explosion process takes place, leading to the deposition of pure carbon on the glass surface. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis shows two distinct co‐existing phases. The dominant one shows a mottled morphology with diffraction typical of cubic (sp 3 ) diamond. The other region shows an ordered array of graphene sheets with diffraction pattern typical of sp 2 ‐bonded carbon. The sp 3 crystallites range in size from 9 to 30 Å and are scattered randomly throughout the sample. A UV Raman spectrum shows a broad band at the location of the expected diamond peak, together with a peak corresponding to the graphite region. We conclude that the patterned carbon is composed of a mixture of nanocrystalline sp 3 and sp 2 carbon forms.