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Refinement and Experimental Validation of a Vacancy Model of Pore Annihilation in Single‐Crystal Nickel‐Base Superalloys during Hot Isostatic Pressing
Author(s) -
Epishin Alexander,
Camin Bettina,
Hansen Lennart,
Heuser Marek,
Lopez-Galilea Inmaculada,
Ruttert Benjamin,
Theisen Werner,
Fedelich Bernard
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced engineering materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.938
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1527-2648
pISSN - 1438-1656
DOI - 10.1002/adem.202100211
Subject(s) - hot isostatic pressing , superalloy , materials science , synchrotron , porosity , metallurgy , pressing , nickel , composite material , alloy , optics , physics
Initially, as‐cast and homogenized single crystals of nickel‐base superalloy CMSX‐4 are subjected to hot isostatic pressing at 1288 °C. Two series of experiments are conducted: under the same pressure of 103 MPa but with different durations, between 0.5 and 6 h, and under different pressures, between 15 and 150 MPa, but for the same time of 0.5 h. The porosity annihilation is investigated metallographically and by high‐resolution synchrotron X‐ray tomography. The obtained experimental results are compared with the predictions of the vacancy model proposed recently in the group. Herein, the model is further refined by coupling with X‐ray tomography. The model describes the evolution of the pore arrays enclosed in the 3D synchrotron tomograms during hot isostatic pressing and properly predicts the time and stress dependences of the pore annihilation kinetics. The validated model and the obtained experimental results are used for selecting the optimal technological parameters such as applied pressure and processing time.