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Understanding the Electrical Behavior of Pyrolyzed Three‐Dimensional‐Printed Microdevices
Author(s) -
Tyler Joshua B.,
Smith Gabriel L.,
Leff Asher C.,
Wilson Peter M.,
Cumings John,
Lazarus Nathan
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
advanced engineering materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.938
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1527-2648
pISSN - 1438-1656
DOI - 10.1002/adem.202001027
Subject(s) - materials science , raman spectroscopy , crystallinity , carbon fibers , pyrolysis , characterization (materials science) , transmission electron microscopy , composite material , polymerization , conductivity , electrical resistivity and conductivity , glassy carbon , electrical conductor , scanning electron microscope , chemical engineering , polymer , nanotechnology , composite number , optics , cyclic voltammetry , chemistry , physics , electrical engineering , electrode , electrochemistry , engineering
Herein the electrical and microstructural characterization of additively manufactured glassy carbon fabricated via two‐photon polymerization (2PP) is reported. Thermal decomposition at elevated temperatures volatizes much of the 2PP fabricated part, converting the crosslinked photopolymer into a carbon‐rich structure. Upon heating to continued elevated temperatures the carbon material becomes increasingly conductive. The ability to control the conductivity of the pyrolyzed material is done by varying the pyrolysis temperature, with maximum conductivity obtained of roughly 2 × 10 4 S m −1 . Microstructural characterization with Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirms that the increase in conductivity comes from the increased sp 2 bonding percentage in carbon and increased crystallinity. This knowledge allows for the manufacturing of predictable, well‐controlled glassy carbon resistors that are within 10% of theoretical values.