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Improving the Operational Stability of PBDTTTz‐4 Polymer Solar Cells Modules by Electrode Modification
Author(s) -
Roth Bérenger,
A. dos Reis Benatto Gisele,
Corazza Michael,
Carlé Jon E.,
Helgesen Martin,
Gevorgyan Suren A.,
Jørgensen Mikkel,
Søndergaard Roar R.,
Krebs Frederik C.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
advanced engineering materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.938
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1527-2648
pISSN - 1438-1656
DOI - 10.1002/adem.201500361
Subject(s) - materials science , electrode , pedot:pss , bubble , degradation (telecommunications) , carbon fibers , polymer , solar cell , optoelectronics , composite material , nanotechnology , electronic engineering , computer science , chemistry , parallel computing , composite number , engineering
PBDTTTz‐4 is employed in the ambient manufacturing of fully Roll‐to‐Roll organic solar cell modules. Modules are manufactured using a novel silver nanowire electrode or a previously reported carbon electrode. The average PCE of carbon modules (3.07%) and AgNW modules (1.46%) shows that PBDTTTz‐4 is a good candidate for upscaling. Stability measurements following the ISOS standards are used to compare the lifetime of the different modules. In all tests but one, the carbon modules are less stable. The higher stability of AgNW is attributed to the removal of the PEDOT:PSS in the front electrode. Finally during indoor light tests, a new degradation phenomenon is observed where bubbles are formed inside the modules contrary to previous reports of bubble formation by thermal expansion of trapped gas inside the barrier.