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Nanocomposite Elastomeric Biomaterials for Myocardial Tissue Engineering Using Embryonic Stem Cell‐derived Cardiomyocytes
Author(s) -
Jawad Hedeer,
El Fray Miroslawa,
Boccaccini Aldo R.,
Harding Sian E.,
Wright Jamie S.,
Chen Qizhi,
Piegat Agnieszka,
Ali Nadire N.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
advanced engineering materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.938
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1527-2648
pISSN - 1438-1656
DOI - 10.1002/adem.201080078
Subject(s) - materials science , nanocomposite , elastomer , tissue engineering , thermoplastic elastomer , regeneration (biology) , ultimate tensile strength , elongation , biomedical engineering , embryonic stem cell , stem cell , biophysics , nanotechnology , polymer , composite material , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , biochemistry , biology , copolymer , medicine , gene
Abstract Regeneration or repair of the damaged myocardium requires different strategies including engineered constructs for more efficient cell delivery. This study was undertaken to examine the potential of a new nanostructured elastomer to deliver embryonic stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (ESC‐CM) to an infarcted area of the myocardium. Engineered materials were biocompatible, mechanically stable, and elastomeric nanocomposites serving as substrates for delivery of ESC‐CM and as a left ventricular support device in myocardial regeneration strategies. Materials investigated were soft and strong poly(aliphatic/aromatic‐ester) multiblock thermoplastic elastomers with poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) hard segments and dimerized fatty acid, i.e., dilinoleic acid (DLA) soft segments, respectively, with and without addition of 0.2 wt% TiO 2 nanoparticles to form nanocomposites. The PET/DLA‐TiO 2 nanocomposite exhibited over 8 MPa tensile strength and 900% elongation at break. Addition of TiO 2 nanoparticles significantly altered surface roughness and enhanced adhesion and spreading of ESC‐CM derived from mouse and human embryonic stem cells. The newly developed materials did not affect the functional activity of spontaneously beating hESC‐CM, as demonstrated by unaltered rate of their beating, and the cells continued to demonstrate contractile activity on the materials for more than two months in culture (the longest time tested). Quantitative proliferation and survival assays using fibroblasts confirmed the ability of the new materials to support cells as well as or better than the present commercial‐type thermoplastic elastomer analog. The results indicate that PET/DLA and PET/DLA‐TiO 2 are promising candidates for the manufacture of engineered patches to deliver ESC‐CMs.