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Functionalized Poly( D , L ‐lactide) for Pulmonary Epithelial Cell Culture
Author(s) -
Lin YuanMin,
Chrzanowski Wojciech,
Knowles Jonathan,
Bishop Anne,
Bismarck Alexander
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
advanced engineering materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.938
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1527-2648
pISSN - 1438-1656
DOI - 10.1002/adem.200980031
Subject(s) - ethylenediamine , aminolysis , surface modification , materials science , amine gas treating , branching (polymer chemistry) , cell adhesion , polymer chemistry , lactide , pulmonary surfactant , tissue engineering , a549 cell , biophysics , adhesion , chemistry , cell , biomedical engineering , organic chemistry , biochemistry , biology , polymer , polymerization , composite material , catalysis , medicine
Functional groups on a material surface affect the response of many cell types. As part of our strategy aimed at engineering lung tissue, we introduced functional groups into the surface of Poly( D , L ‐lactide) (PDLLA) films to improve its suitability for the culture of mature pulmonary epithelial cells (A549 line) using two different methods. The first method, aminolysis, can introduce primary amines into PDLLA films by transesterification using 1–15% of ethylenediamine in isopropanol. The second method, a branching modification, can generate amine‐terminated or carboxylic acid‐terminated tree‐like branched architectures. All modified PDLLA surfaces exhibited lower water contact angles, i.e. are more hydrophilic than unmodified PDLLA. PDLLA treated with 15% ethylenediamine exhibited a rougher surface than the control, and PDLLA with branching modification had a droplet‐like surface topography as visualized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). PDLLA treated with 15% ethylenediamine and branching modification with two and three generations enhanced the attachment of pulmonary epithelial cells measured using Hoechst dye. Immunostaining demonsatrated that amine‐terminated branched architectures allowed for better focal adhesion point formation than the control 24 h after cell seeding. Furthermore, they also induced higher A549 cell populations and levels of activity after 4 days in culture measured using Hoechst dye and WST1 cell proliferation reagents, respectively. In contrast, carboxylic acid‐terminated branching architectures were found to reduce the cell population size after 4 days. It was concluded that the concentration, type and distribution of surface functional groups can affect significantly the behavior of pulmonary epithelial cells growing on a PDLLA surface, and PDLLA film modified with two or three generations of amine‐terminated branched architectures is a suitable 2D scaffold for the culture of of pulmonary epithelial cells.