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In situ Investigation of Structural Changes during Deformation and Fracture of Polymers by Synchrotron SAXS and WAXS
Author(s) -
Schneider Konrad,
Zafeiropoulos Nikolaos E.,
Stamm Manfred
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
advanced engineering materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.938
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1527-2648
pISSN - 1438-1656
DOI - 10.1002/adem.200800323
Subject(s) - small angle x ray scattering , materials science , synchrotron , monoclinic crystal system , deformation (meteorology) , orthorhombic crystal system , scattering , polyethylene , crystallography , polymer , wide angle x ray scattering , ultimate tensile strength , composite material , crystal structure , optics , small angle neutron scattering , neutron scattering , chemistry , physics
By simultaneous mechanical characterisation and synchrotron wide‐angle x‐ray scattering (WAXS) and small‐angle x‐ray scattering (SAXS), it is possible to characterise on‐line local changes in a polymer's structure with a rather‐high time and space resolution, together with the mechanical properties. In this contribution, we discuss the experimental requirements for such investigations as well as three examples. The evolution of structural features during tensile deformation of a polyethylene copolymer, as depicted by WAXS (top) and SAXS (bottom) are shown in the figure. The deformation leads to a martensitic transformation from the orthorhombic to monoclinic system and the formation of nanocavities.