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e‐Learning and the Science of Instruction
Author(s) -
Hanley Gerard L.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
applied cognitive psychology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.719
H-Index - 100
eISSN - 1099-0720
pISSN - 0888-4080
DOI - 10.1002/acp.969
Subject(s) - citation , library science , state (computer science) , psychology , shore , sociology , computer science , algorithm , oceanography , geology
Practice is a necessary but not sufficient condition to reach high levels of competence. Deliberate practice, which includes five basic elements, is needed to build expertise. Those elements include: 1. Effortful exertion to improve performance 2. Intrinsic motivation to engage in the task 3. Carefully tailored practice tasks that focus on areas of weakness 4. Feedback that provides knowledge of results, and 5. Continued repetition over a number of years (p. 256)