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The role of visual, spatial, and temporal cues in attenuating verbal overshadowing
Author(s) -
Pelizzon Lara,
Brandimonte Maria A.,
Luccio Riccardo
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
applied cognitive psychology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.719
H-Index - 100
eISSN - 1099-0720
pISSN - 0888-4080
DOI - 10.1002/acp.929
Subject(s) - psychology , stimulus (psychology) , cognitive psychology , visual perception , communication , encoding (memory) , perception , neuroscience
In three experiments, we investigated the effects of visual, spatial, and temporal cues in attenuating verbal overshadowing derived from the verbal recoding of visual stimuli. Participants studied a set of visual forms and were asked to form an image of each figure, rotate it and try to discover the two capital letters compounding each figure. Before performing the imagery task, participants were re‐presented with a cue that was part of the original stimulus. In Experiment 1, verbal overshadowing effects were shown and attenuated through the re‐presentation of a visual cue. In Experiments 2 and 3, encoding and retrieval conditions were manipulated according to their temporal and spatial characteristics. In Experiment 2, the cue could be either visual (the cardboard shape), spatial–temporal (the number corresponding to serial learning position), or both. Presentation order of the cue at retrieval could be either congruent or incongruent with stimuli presentation order at encoding. In Experiment 3, the temporal and spatial components of the task were separated, by having participants encode the stimuli according to either their temporal or their spatial presentation order. At retrieval, participants received one of three types of cues (visual, order, or visual+order). The results suggest that order information acts as a link between the two separate representations of figure and background, hence preventing verbal overshadowing at encoding (temporal component) or attenuating its influence at retrieval (spatial component). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.