Open AccessThe dynamics of cell death patterns and regeneration during acute liver injury in mice
Author(s) -
Shao Shuai,
Zhang Yu,
Li Guantong,
Yu Zhenjun,
Cao Yingying,
Zheng Lina,
Zhang Kun,
Han Xiaohui,
Shi Zhemin,
Cui Hongmei,
Song Xiaomeng,
Hong Wei,
Han Tao
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
febs open bio
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.718
H-Index - 31
ISSN - 2211-5463
DOI - 10.1002/2211-5463.13383
Subject(s) - regeneration (biology) , pyroptosis , liver injury , liver regeneration , programmed cell death , apoptosis , autophagy , medicine , necrosis , pathological , hepatocyte , pathology , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , in vitro
Acute liver injury is a serious clinical syndrome with multiple causes and unclear pathological process. Here, CCl 4 ‐ and D‐galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (D‐gal/LPS)‐induced acute liver injury was established to explore the cell death patterns and determine whether or not liver regeneration occurred. In CCl 4 ‐induced hepatic injury, three phases, including the early, progressive, and recovery phase, were considered based on alterations of serum transaminases and liver morphology. Moreover, in this model, cytokines exhibited double‐peak fluctuations; apoptosis and pyroptosis persisted throughout all phases; autophagy occurred in the early and the progressive phases; and sufficient and timely hepatocyte regeneration was observed only during the recovery phase. All of these phenomena contribute to mild liver injury and subsequent regeneration. Strikingly, only the early and progressive phases were observed in the D‐gal/LPS model. Slight pyroptosis occurred in the early phase but diminished in the progressive phase, while apoptosis, reduced autophagy, and slight but subsequently diminished regeneration occurred only during the progressive phase, accompanied by a strong cytokine storm, resulting in severe liver injury with high mortality. Taken together, our work reveals variable modes and dynamics of cell death and regeneration, which lead to different consequences for mild and severe acute liver injury, providing a helpful reference for clinical therapy and prognosis.