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Propagation Directions of High‐Frequency Waves in the Ionosphere
Author(s) -
James H. Gordon
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
radio science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.371
H-Index - 84
eISSN - 1944-799X
pISSN - 0048-6604
DOI - 10.1002/2017rs006474
Subject(s) - ionosphere , physics , dipole , radio wave , transmitter , high frequency , electric field , radio propagation , computational physics , earth–ionosphere waveguide , electromagnetic radiation , ionospheric heater , wave propagation , optics , geophysics , telecommunications , computer science , channel (broadcasting) , quantum mechanics , astronomy
The direction of propagation of electromagnetic waves in the ionosphere from ground‐based transmitters can be measured in the ionosphere by crossed dipoles in a single cold‐plasma mode. In the Enhanced Polar Output Probe (e‐POP), 6‐m dipoles on the Radio Receiver Instrument connect to a high input impedance and act therefore as voltage probes from which the electric field of incoming waves can be simply computed. When combined with cold‐magnetoplasma electric‐field theory, the relationship of voltages on the two orthogonal dipoles is used to deduce the direction of arrival of an incoming wave in three dimensions. The technique is illustrated by application to e‐POP/Radio Receiver Instrument observations of 6.2‐MHz waves transmitted by the European Incoherent Scatter HF facility in Tromsø, Norway.