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Simulation of block‐and‐ash flows and ash‐cloud surges of the 2010 eruption of Merapi volcano with a two‐layer model
Author(s) -
Kelfoun Karim,
Gueugneau Valentin,
Komorowski JeanChristophe,
Aisyah Nurnaning,
Cholik Noer,
Merciecca Charley
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: solid earth
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.983
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 2169-9356
pISSN - 2169-9313
DOI - 10.1002/2017jb013981
Subject(s) - pyroclastic rock , volcano , geology , tephra , block (permutation group theory) , volcanic ash , seismology , peléan eruption , event (particle physics) , vulcanian eruption , petrology , current (fluid) , geophysics , explosive eruption , geometry , physics , oceanography , mathematics , quantum mechanics
A new depth‐averaged model has been developed for the simulation of both concentrated and dilute pyroclastic currents and their interactions. The capability of the model to reproduce a real event is tested for the first time with two well‐studied eruptive phases of the 2010 eruption of Merapi volcano (Indonesia). We show that the model is able to reproduce quite accurately the dynamics of the currents and the characteristics of the deposits: thickness, extent, volume, and trajectory. The model needs to be tested on other well‐studied eruptions and the equations could be refined, but this new approach is a promising tool for the understanding of pyroclastic currents and for a better prediction of volcanic hazards.