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Experimental Evidence of Arctic Summer Mesospheric Upwelling and Its Connection to Cold Summer Mesopause
Author(s) -
Laskar F. I.,
Chau J. L.,
St.Maurice J. P.,
Stober G.,
Hall C. M.,
Tsutsumi M.,
Höffner J.,
Hoffmann P.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1002/2017gl074759
Subject(s) - mesopause , mesosphere , atmospheric sciences , global wind patterns , wind speed , geology , thermosphere , geostrophic wind , divergence (linguistics) , environmental science , climatology , stratosphere , geophysics , ionosphere , oceanography , linguistics , philosophy
Abstract Common volume mesospheric meteor detections from two radar stations separated by about 130 km were used to retrieve horizontal wind fields between 82 and 96 km altitudes at high latitudes, near 69°N. The horizontal wind divergence was estimated from the gradients of the wind fields. This determination is the first of its kind for the mesosphere. Twelve years of nearly continuous data sets reveal systematic summer signatures in the horizontal wind divergence field, namely, a minimum just below the mesopause. There are indications that the horizontal divergence near the mesopause minimum is correlated with the mesopause temperature. Also, the altitude corresponding to the mesospheric divergence minimum tends to increase over the years. We derived the vertical velocity from the horizontal wind divergence at the mesosphere, which shows upward winds peaking near the mesopause. These winds indicate that adiabatic cooling was strongest at the region of the deep temperature minimum seen in the summer mesopause. Common volume mesospheric meteor detections from two radar stations separated by about 130 km were used to retrieve horizontal wind fields between 82 and 96 km altitudes at high latitudes, near 69°N. The horizontal wind divergence was estimated from the gradients of the wind fields. This determination is the first of its kind for the mesosphere. Twelve years of nearly continuous data sets reveal systematic summer signatures in the horizontal wind divergence field, namely, a minimum just below the mesopause. There are indications that the horizontal divergence near the mesopause minimum is correlated with the mesopause temperature. Also, the altitude corresponding to the mesospheric divergence minimum tends to increase over the years. We show that the reversal in the horizontal wind divergence at the mesosphere is consistent with upward winds peaking near the mesopause. These winds indicate that adiabatic cooling was strongest at the region of the deep temperature minimum seen in the summer mesopause. Common volume mesospheric meteor detections from two radar stations separated by about 130 km were used to retrieve horizontal wind fields between 82 and 96 km altitudes at high latitudes, near 69°N. The horizontal wind divergence was estimated from the gradients of the wind fields. This determination is the first of its kind for the mesosphere. Twelve years of nearly continuous data sets reveal systematic summer signatures in the horizontal wind divergence field, namely, a minimum just below the mesopause. There are indications that the horizontal divergence near the mesopause minimum is correlated with the mesopause temperature. Also, the altitude corresponding to the mesospheric divergence minimum tends to increase over the years. We show that the reversal in the horizontal wind divergence at the mesosphere is consistent with upward winds peaking near the mesopause. These winds indicate that adiabatic cooling was strongest at the region of the deep temperature minimum seen in the summer mesopause.