Open AccessA Method to Determine Gravity Wave Net Momentum Flux, Propagation Direction, and “Real” Wavelengths: A GPS Radio Occultations Soundings Case Study
Author(s) -
Alexander P.,
Schmidt T.,
de la Torre A.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
earth and space science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.843
H-Index - 23
ISSN - 2333-5084
DOI - 10.1002/2017ea000342
Subject(s) - radio occultation , global positioning system , wavelength , depth sounding , radio wave , occultation , remote sensing , satellite , momentum (technical analysis) , flux (metallurgy) , gravitational wave , geology , atmosphere (unit) , geodesy , geophysics , physics , ionosphere , meteorology , optics , astronomy , computer science , telecommunications , oceanography , materials science , finance , quantum mechanics , economics , metallurgy
Atmospheric gravity waves (GW) serve as an essential mechanism in the transport of energy and momentum flux from the low to the upper atmosphere. In the last decades satellite observations have become an important part in the analysis of GW due to their global and frequent coverage. Present procedures often provide GW absolute momentum flux (MF), ambiguous 3‐D propagation direction, and apparent vertical wavelengths. We here introduce a method with close sounding quartets, which allows the calculation for GW of the net MF, the definite propagation direction, and “real” wavelengths. Among the satellite observational techniques, Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO) retrievals provide temperature profiles that after adequate processing may yield GW properties like wavelengths, MF, and energy. Our procedure is illustrated by an example under requirements that tend to ensure that four GPS RO soundings are observing the same GW. The future increase of satellite measuring devices due to new missions (including GPS RO) will lead to a higher spatial and temporal density of profiles that may eventually allow the attainment of GW climatologies of net MF, propagation direction, and “real” vertical wavelengths.