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The influence of the Calbuco eruption on the 2015 Antarctic ozone hole in a fully coupled chemistry‐climate model
Author(s) -
Ivy Diane J.,
Solomon Susan,
Kinnison Doug,
Mills Michael J.,
Schmidt Anja,
Neely Ryan R.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1002/2016gl071925
Subject(s) - ozone depletion , volcano , ozone , stratosphere , atmospheric sciences , ozone layer , environmental science , climatology , climate model , vulcanian eruption , atmosphere (unit) , atmospheric dynamics , atmospheric chemistry , climate change , earth science , meteorology , geology , oceanography , physics , seismology
Recent research has demonstrated that the concentrations of anthropogenic halocarbons have decreased in response to the worldwide phaseout of ozone depleting substances. Yet in 2015 the Antarctic ozone hole reached a historical record daily average size in October. Model simulations with specified dynamics and temperatures based on a reanalysis suggested that the record size was likely due to the eruption of Calbuco but did not allow for fully coupled dynamical or thermal feedbacks. We present simulations of the impact of the 2015 Calbuco eruption on the stratosphere using the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with interactive dynamics and temperatures. Comparisons of the interactive and specified dynamics simulations indicate that chemical ozone depletion due to volcanic aerosols played a key role in establishing the record‐sized ozone hole of October 2015. The analysis of an ensemble of interactive simulations with and without volcanic aerosols suggests that the forced response to the eruption of Calbuco was an increase in the size of the ozone hole by 4.5 × 10 6 km 2 .