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A generalized complementary relationship between actual and potential evaporation defined by a reference surface temperature
Author(s) -
Aminzadeh Milad,
Roderick Michael L.,
Or Dani
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
water resources research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.863
H-Index - 217
eISSN - 1944-7973
pISSN - 0043-1397
DOI - 10.1002/2015wr017969
Subject(s) - evaporation , potential evaporation , sensible heat , flux (metallurgy) , range (aeronautics) , asymmetry , generalization , thermodynamics , steady state (chemistry) , environmental science , mechanics , materials science , mathematics , chemistry , physics , mathematical analysis , composite material , quantum mechanics , metallurgy
The definition of potential evaporation remains widely debated despite its centrality for hydrologic and climatic models. We employed an analytical pore‐scale representation of evaporation from terrestrial surfaces to define potential evaporation using a hypothetical steady state reference temperature that is common to both air and evaporating surface. The feedback between drying land surfaces and overlaying air properties, central in the Bouchet (1963) complementary relationship, is implicitly incorporated in the hypothetical steady state where the sensible heat flux vanishes and the available energy is consumed by evaporation. Evaporation rates predicted based on the steady state reference temperature hypothesis were in good agreement with class A pan evaporation measurements suggesting that evaporation from pans occurs with negligible sensible heat flux. The model facilitates a new generalization of the asymmetric complementary relationship with the asymmetry parameter b analytically predicted for a wide range of meteorological conditions with initial tests yielding good agreement between measured and predicted actual evaporation.