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Spatiotemporal distribution of seawater pH in the North Pacific subpolar region by using the parameterization technique
Author(s) -
Li Bofeng,
Watanabe Yutaka W.,
Yamaguchi Azusa
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: oceans
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-9291
pISSN - 2169-9275
DOI - 10.1002/2015jc011615
Subject(s) - seawater , hydrography , argo , alkalinity , dissolved organic carbon , salinity , oceanography , total inorganic carbon , environmental science , climatology , geology , chemistry , carbon dioxide , organic chemistry
We provided parameterizations to speculate changes in the vertical distributions of the seawater total alkalinity (TA), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and pH by using all available observations of dissolved oxygen (DO, µmol kg −1 ), water temperature (T, ºC), and salinity (S) data from previous high quality data sets of ocean hydrographic properties. All data sets were collected in the North Pacific subpolar region during the period of 2000–2010, for 40–400 m depth, and between 40°N and 56°N, 145°E and 130°W). Root mean square errors for the parameterizations with 7.4 µmol kg −1 for TA, 7.1 µmol kg −1 for DIC, and 0.02 for pH were obtained with R 2 of more than 0.95. To evaluate the validity of these parameterizations, we compared measured TA, DIC, and pH with predicted values. The differences were almost within 10 µmol kg −1 for TA and DIC, and 0.05 for pH. Applying our parameterizations to the climatological data sets of DO, T, and S data from World Ocean Atlas 2009, we reconstructed seasonal and monthly vertical distributions of seawater TA, DIC, and pH. Furthermore, by substituting our parameterizations into detailed vertical distributions of DO, T, and S data measured bi‐weekly by automatic ocean hydrographic sensors from Argo profiling floats, we described the detailed vertical spatiotemporal distributions of seawater TA, DIC, and pH. In the North Pacific subpolar region, in the case that there is no time‐series of ocean carbon species, our parameterizations allowed us to elucidate the dynamics of ocean carbon chemistry from two–week scale to decadal scale.