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Spatial variability of absorption coefficients over a biogeochemical gradient in a large and optically complex shallow lake
Author(s) -
Riddick Caitlin A. L.,
Hunter Peter D.,
Tyler Andrew N.,
MartinezVicente Victor,
Horváth Hajnalka,
Kovács Attila W.,
Vörös Lajos,
Preston Tom,
Présing Mátyás
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: oceans
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-9291
pISSN - 2169-9275
DOI - 10.1002/2015jc011202
Subject(s) - colored dissolved organic matter , biogeochemical cycle , phytoplankton , absorption (acoustics) , environmental science , environmental chemistry , chlorophyll a , particulates , wetland , chemistry , oceanography , nutrient , geology , ecology , materials science , biology , biochemistry , organic chemistry , composite material
Abstract In order to improve robustness of remote sensing algorithms for lakes, it is vital to understand the variability of inherent optical properties (IOPs) and their mass‐specific representations (SIOPs). In this study, absorption coefficients for particulate and dissolved constituents were measured at 38 stations distributed over a biogeochemical gradient in Lake Balaton, Hungary. There was a large range of phytoplankton absorption ( a ph ( λ )) over blue and red wavelengths ( a ph (440) = 0.11–4.39 m −1 , a ph (675) = 0.048–2.52 m −1 ), while there was less variability in chlorophyll‐specific phytoplankton absorption ( a* ph ( λ )) in the lake ( a* ph (440) = 0.022 ± 0.0046 m 2 mg −1 , a* ph (675) = 0.010 ± 0.0020 m 2 mg −1 ) and adjoining wetland system, Kis‐Balaton ( a* ph (440) = 0.017 ± 0.0015 m 2 mg −1 , a* ph (675) = 0.0088 ± 0.0017 m 2 mg −1 ). However, in the UV, a* ph (350) significantly increased with increasing distance from the main inflow (Zala River). This was likely due to variable production of photoprotective pigments (e.g., MAAs) in response to the decreasing gradient of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM). The slope of CDOM absorption ( S CDOM ) also increased from west to east due to larger terrestrial CDOM input in the western basins. Absorption by nonalgal particles ( a NAP ( λ )) was highly influenced by inorganic particulates, as a result of the largely mineral sediments in Balaton. The relative contributions to the absorption budget varied more widely than oceans with a greater contribution from NAP (up to 30%), and wind speed affected the proportion attributed to NAP, phytoplankton, or CDOM. Ultimately, these data provide knowledge of the heterogeneity of (S)IOPs in Lake Balaton, suggesting the full range of variability must be considered for future improvement of analytical algorithms for constituent retrieval in inland waters.