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Coseismic displacements from SAR image offsets between different satellite sensors: Application to the 2001 Bhuj (India) earthquake
Author(s) -
Wang Teng,
Wei Shengji,
Jónsson Sigurjón
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1002/2015gl064585
Subject(s) - geology , synthetic aperture radar , seismology , remote sensing , satellite , interferometric synthetic aperture radar , geodesy , offset (computer science) , slip (aerodynamics) , landslide , computer science , engineering , programming language , aerospace engineering , physics , thermodynamics
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image offset tracking is increasingly being used for measuring ground displacements, e.g., due to earthquakes and landslide movement. However, this technique has been applied only to images acquired by the same or identical satellites. Here we propose a novel approach for determining offsets between images acquired by different satellite sensors, extending the usability of existing SAR image archives. The offsets are measured between two multiimage reflectivity maps obtained from different SAR data sets, which provide significantly better results than with single preevent and postevent images. Application to the 2001 M w 7.6 Bhuj earthquake reveals, for the first time, its near‐field deformation using multiple preearthquake ERS and postearthquake Envisat images. The rupture model estimated from these cross‐sensor offsets and teleseismic waveforms shows a compact fault slip pattern with fairly short rise times (<3 s) and a large stress drop (20 MPa), explaining the intense shaking observed in the earthquake.