Premium
Characterizing the eddy field in the A rctic O cean halocline
Author(s) -
Zhao Mengnan,
Timmermans MaryLouise,
Cole Sylvia,
Krishfield Richard,
Proshutinsky Andrey,
Toole John
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: oceans
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-9291
pISSN - 2169-9275
DOI - 10.1002/2014jc010488
Subject(s) - halocline , eddy , baroclinity , anticyclone , geology , ocean gyre , oceanography , rossby number , climatology , arctic , atmospheric sciences , meteorology , salinity , physics , turbulence , subtropics , fishery , biology
Ice‐Tethered Profilers (ITP), deployed in the Arctic Ocean between 2004 and 2013, have provided detailed temperature and salinity measurements of an assortment of halocline eddies. A total of 127 mesoscale eddies have been detected, 95% of which were anticyclones, the majority of which had anomalously cold cores. These cold‐core anticyclonic eddies were observed in the Beaufort Gyre region (Canadian water eddies) and the vicinity of the Transpolar Drift Stream (Eurasian water eddies). An Arctic‐wide calculation of the first baroclinic Rossby deformation radius R d has been made using ITP data coupled with climatology; R d ∼ 13 km in the Canadian water and ∼8 km in the Eurasian water. The observed eddies are found to have scales comparable to R d . Halocline eddies are in cyclogeostrophic balance and can be described by a Rankine vortex with maximum azimuthal speeds between 0.05 and 0.4 m/s. The relationship between radius and thickness for the eddies is consistent with adjustment to the ambient stratification. Eddies may be divided into four groups, each characterized by distinct core depths and core temperature and salinity properties, suggesting multiple source regions and enabling speculation of varying formation mechanisms.