Premium
Role of clouds and land‐atmosphere coupling in midlatitude continental summer warm biases and climate change amplification in CMIP5 simulations
Author(s) -
Cheruy F.,
Dufresne J. L.,
Hourdin F.,
Ducharne A.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1002/2014gl061145
Subject(s) - middle latitudes , atmosphere (unit) , environmental science , climatology , climate change , atmospheric sciences , climate model , geology , meteorology , geography , oceanography
Over land, most state‐of‐the‐art climate models contributing to Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) share a strong summertime warm bias in midlatitude areas, especially in regions where the coupling between soil moisture and atmosphere is effective. The most biased models overestimate solar incoming radiation, because of cloud deficit and have difficulty to sustain evaporation. These deficiencies are also involved in the spread of the summer temperature projections among models in the midlatitude; the models which simulate a higher‐than‐average warming overestimate the present climate net shortwave radiation which increases more‐than‐average in the future, in link with a decrease of cloudiness. They also show a higher‐than‐average reduction of evaporative fraction in areas with soil moisture‐limited evaporation regimes. Over these areas, the most biased models in the present climate simulate a larger warming in response to climate change which is likely to be overestimated.