Premium
Aquarius surface salinity and the Madden‐Julian Oscillation: The role of salinity in surface layer density and potential energy
Author(s) -
Guan Bin,
Lee Tong,
Halkides Daria J.,
Waliser Duane E.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
geophysical research letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.007
H-Index - 273
eISSN - 1944-8007
pISSN - 0094-8276
DOI - 10.1002/2014gl059704
Subject(s) - madden–julian oscillation , climatology , sss* , salinity , environmental science , sea surface temperature , geology , mixed layer , annual cycle , temperature salinity diagrams , oceanography , geography , meteorology , convection , mathematical optimization , mathematics
Sea surface salinity (SSS) data from the Aquarius satellite are analyzed along with auxiliary data to investigate the SSS signature of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) in the equatorial Indian and Pacific Oceans, the effect of evaporation‐minus‐precipitation (E‐P), the implication for the role of ocean dynamics, and the SSS influence on surface density and potential energy. MJO‐related SSS changes are consistent with E‐P forcing in the western Indian Ocean throughout the MJO cycle and in the central Indian Ocean during the wet phase of the MJO cycle. However, SSS changes cannot be explained by E‐P in the central Indian Ocean during the dry phase and in the eastern Indian and western Pacific Oceans throughout the MJO cycle, implying the importance of ocean dynamics. SSS has an overall larger contribution to MJO‐related surface density and potential energy anomalies than SST. It partially offsets the SST effect in the western‐to‐central Indian Ocean and reinforces the SST effect in the eastern Indian and western Pacific Oceans. Ocean modeling and assimilation need to properly account for salinity effects in order to correctly represent mixed layer variability associated with the MJO. Our results also clarify some discrepancy in previous studies about the E‐P effect on MJO‐related SSS variations.